Ayini ama-halogen?
Izinto ezifana ne-fluorine, i-chlorine, i-bromine, i-iodine ne-astate zingama-halogen futhi zivela eqenjini lesikhombisa eliyinhloko kuthebula le-periodic lezinto.Atholakala kumakhompiyutha amaningi, isibonelo ku-polyvinylchloride.I-PVC, njengoba yaziwa ngokufushane, ihlala isikhathi eside, yingakho isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni eminingi yezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokufakwa kwe-insulation kanye ne-sheath ezintambo.I-Chlorine namanye ama-halogen avame ukufakwa njengezithasiselo zokuthuthukisa ukuvikela ilangabi.Kodwa lokho kuhambisana nenani.Ama-halogen ayingozi empilweni.Ngalesi sizathu, amapulasitiki angenawo ama-halogen aya ngokuya asetshenziselwa izintambo.
Iyini ikhebula elingenayo i-halogen?
Njengoba igama labo liphakamisa, izintambo ezingenayo i-halogen azinayo i-halogen ekubunjweni kwamapulasitiki.Amapulasitiki aqukethe ama-halogen angabonakala ngezakhi zamakhemikhali emagameni azo, njenge-polyvinyl chloride eshiwo ngaphambili, irabha ye-chloroprene, i-fluoroethylene propylene, irabha ye-fluoro polymer, njll.
Uma ufuna noma kufanele usebenzise izintambo ezingenazo i-halogen, qiniseka ukuthi lezi zihlanganisa amapulasitiki afana nerabha ye-silicone, i-polyurethane, i-polyethylene, i-polyamide, i-polypropylene, i-thermoplastic elastomers (i-TPE) noma irabha ye-ethylene propylene diene.Aziqukethe iziqinisi ezisekelwe kunsimbi enzima noma izithambisa, futhi izithasiselo zokuvikela ilangabi ziphephile ngokwemvelo.
Akhethwa kanjani amakhebuli angenayo i-halogen?
Ikhebula alinayo i-halogen uma kungekho ama-halogen afana ne-chlorine, i-fluorine noma i-bromine esetshenziswa ekufakweni kwekhebula kanye nokokusebenza kwe-sheath.Izindlala zekhebula, amasistimu wepayipi, izixhumi noma amapayipi ashwabanisayo, njengeVIKELA ishubhu elinciphayo le-HFkusuka eMingxiu, ingenziwa futhi ngamapulasitiki angenayo i-halogen futhi ngaleyo ndlela ayinawo ama-halogen.Uma udinga izintambo ezingenazo i-halogen, isibonelo, sicela uqaphele le mikhiqizo elandelayo:
| Amapulasitiki ane-halogenated | Amapulasitiki angenayo i-halogen |
| I-Chlorinei-phen-rabhaUfulawai-ethylene Ipropylene I-Fluorpirabha ye-olymer I-PolyvinylUChloride | Irabha ye-SiliconeI-polyurethane I-polyethylene I-Polyamide I-polypropylene I-Thermoplastic Ama-elastomers |
Kungani izintambo ezingenazo i-halogen zibalulekile ekuvikelweni komlilo?
Ama-halogen angalimaza impilo.Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi lapho amapulasitiki ane-halogenated, ikakhulukazi i-PVC, esha.Uma kuqubuka umlilo, i-hydrogen halide ikhishwa epulasitikini.Ama-halogen ahlangana namanzi, njengamanzi acisha umlilo asetshenziswa izicishamlilo noma uketshezi oluvela kulwelwesi lwamafinyila, ukwenza ama-acids - i-chlorine iba i-hydrochloric acid, i-fluorine i-hydrofluoric acid egqwala kakhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungakhiwa ingxube yama-dioxin namanye amakhemikhali anobuthi obukhulu.Uma zingena emigwaqweni yomoya, zingadala umonakalo futhi zidale ukuminyana.Ngisho noma othile esinda emlilweni, impilo yakhe ingalimala unomphela.Lokhu kuncane kakhulu kwezintambo ezingenazo i-halogen.
Ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa komlilo okuhlanganisiwe, izintambo kufanele futhi zibe nokuvikela ilangabi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwentuthu ephansi.Ukuvikela ilangabi kubambezela ukuvutha nokusabalalisa ilangabi futhi kukhuthaze ukuzicisha ngokwakho.Abakhiqizi babhekene nenkinga lapha, njengoba i-chlorine ne-bromine kuyizinqamuli zomlilo ezinhle kakhulu, yingakho ngokuvamile zixutshwa namapulasitiki ezintambo.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezingozi zezempilo ezishiwo, lokhu kuyimpikiswano futhi kuvunyelwe kuphela lapho kungekho bantu abasengozini.Ngenxa yalokho, uMingxiu usebenzisa izinto ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuvikela ilangabi kodwa ngaphandle kwama-halogen.
Iyini inzuzo yamakhebuli angenayo i-halogen?
Uma izintambo ezingenazo i-halogen zishiswa kakhulu noma zishiswa, zakha ama-asidi angagqwali kakhulu noma amagesi ayingozi empilweni.Izintambo ze-XLPE noma izintambo zedatha ezivela e-Mingxiu zifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa ezakhiweni zomphakathi, ezokuthutha noma ngokuvamile lapho imililo ingalimaza kakhulu abantu noma izilwane noma kulimaze impahla.Zinomthamo wegesi yentuthu ephansi, ngakho zikhiqiza umusi omncane futhi zenze kube lula kubantu abavaleleke ukuba bathole izindlela zokubaleka.
Izintambo ezingenazo i-halogen ziwusizo ikakhulukazi uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okusebenzayo okuphezulu okungenzeka uma kwenzeka kuba nomlilo.Lokhu kungabaluleka ezakhiweni lapho amakhamera okuqapha ehlinzeka ngezithombe zomthombo womlilo.Ikhebula ledatha elinesivinini esikhulu elivela eMingxiu lidlulisela idatha ngenani eliphelele lokudlulisela ngisho nangemva kwamahora amabili emlilweni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-25-2022